后置定语可译为“…的”:a girl in red穿着红衣服的姑娘;people alive活着的人;the books here这里的书;the girl wearing a skirt穿着裙子的姑娘。宾补的构成:1.动词+宾语+宾补;2.with +宾语+宾补。
宾语补足语
常跟复合宾语的动词有:call(叫),named(叫做),make(做),think(思考),find(找),leave(离开),keep(保持),nominate(任命),choose,elect(选举),define(定义),regard(认为), see(看),recognize(认出),treat,take,consider(考虑),look up,refer to(提到),accept(接受),acknowledge(承认),describe,depict(描述),represent(表现出),declare(宣称),denounce(指责),employ(雇佣),use(使用),show(展示),organize,express(表达)等(包括使役动词)。
比如:
I find learning English difficult.(difficult是形容词做宾补)
I saw the kite up and down. (up and down是副词做宾补)
Tom made the girl (to) cry. (cry是省略不定式符号to的动词不定式)
注意:当感官动词和使役动词,如:
see hear notice watch hear feel observe(感官动词)
make have let(使役动词)
接宾补时,不定式的符号to必须省略。
在help后,不定式可以带to,也可不带。