一、表语从句的引导词
引导表语从句的词有连词that, whether,连接代词和连接副词,关系代词型what,以及as if, as though, because等连词。
1. 由that引导
The question is whether the film is worth seeing. 问题是这部电影是否值得看。
【注意】whether 可引导表语从句,但与之同义的if却通常不用于引导表语从句。
3. 由连接代词引导
You are not who I thought you were. 你已不是我过去所想像的人。
4. 由连接副词引导
The problem is how we can find him. 问题是我们如何找到他。
5. 由关系代词型what引导
He is no longer what he was. 他已经不是以前的他了。
6. 由as if / as though引导
It is not as though we were poor. 又不是我们家里穷。
二、同位语从句的引导词
引导同位语从句的词语通常有连词that,whether,连接代词和连接副词等。
1. 由that引导
We heard the news that our team had won. 我们听到消息说我们队赢了。
【注意1】在某些名词(如demand, wish, suggestion, resolution等)后面的同位语从句要用虚拟语气。
【注意2】引导同位语从句的连词that通常不省略,但在非正式文体中也可以省去。如:
He gabbed his suitcase and gave the impression he was boarding the Tokyo plane. 他拿起了手提箱,给人的印象是他要登上飞往东京的飞机了。
2. 由whether引导
There is some doubt whether he will come. 他是否会来还不一定。
3. 由连接代词引导
Have you any idea what time it starts? 你知道什么时候开始吗?
4. 由连接副词引导
I have no idea when he will come back. 我不知道他什么时候回来。