一、include和including的区别
两者的词性是不同的，include是动词，而including是介词。因此其用法也是完全不同的。
include指某整体包含或容纳某部分，常用于解释或补充说明。如：
The money I gave you included Xiao Zhang&39;s.我给你的钱里包括了小张的钱。
The money I gave you included all my salaries.我给你的钱含了我所有的工资。
include常以including（名词／代词前）或included（名词／代词后）的形式出现在短语中，用来举例，解释或补充说明。如：
There are ten of us here, including three girls. (=There are ten of us here, three girls included.)
Everybody has something to say, me included. (=Everybody has something to say, including me.)
二、include和including的用法
1、include
include作为动词，含义有包括;包含;使成为…的一部分。
例句：The tour included a visit to the Science Museum.
这次游览包括参观科学博物馆。
You should include some examples in your essay.
你应该在文章里举一些例子。
2、including
1、当including作为介词时，含义为包括…在内。
例句：I&39;ve got three days&39; holiday including New Year&39;s Day.
包括元旦在内我有三天假。
Each unit including the parent company has its own, local management.
包括母公司在内，每个单位都有自己的地方管理层。
2、当including作为动词时，含义有包括;包含;使成为…的一部分，是include的现在分词。
例句：Avoid including other elements that conflict with the main subject.
避免把与主题相悖的元素包含进来。
A lens is an optical system including two refracting surfaces.
一个透镜是包含两个折射面的光学系统。
